Wright State Admissions ACT Scores, Acceptance Rate

If you are interested in attending Wright State University, the good news is that they have an acceptance rate of over 95 percent. Learn more about their admissions requirements. Wright State University is a public university located in Fairborn, Ohio, just a few miles from downtown Dayton. Established in 1967, the university is named after the Wright Brothers (Dayton was home to the brothers). Today, the 557-acre university campus is home to eight colleges and three schools. Students can choose from over 90 Bachelors degree programs with professional fields in business and nursing being the most popular among undergraduates. The school has a 22Â  to 1 student/faculty ratio. On the athletic front, the Wright State Raiders compete in the NCAA Division I Horizon League. Admissions Data (2016) Wright State University Acceptance Rate: 95Â  percentTest Scores: 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 460 / 600SAT Math: 470 / 610SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanHorizon League SAT Score ComparisonACT Composite: 18Â  / 25ACT English: 17 / 25ACT Math: 18 / 26ACT Writing: - / -What these ACT numbers meanHorizon League ACT Score Comparison Enrollment (2016) Total Enrollment: 16,655Â  (12,504 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 48 percent Male / 52 percent Female77Â  percent Full-time Costs (2016-17) Tuition and Fees: $8,730 (in-state); $17,098 (out-of-state)Books: $1,248 (why so much?)Room and Board: $11,376Other Expenses: $2,784Total Cost: $24,138 (in-state); $32,506 (out-of-state) Wright State University Financial Aid (2015-16) Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 92 percentPercentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 78Â  percentLoans: 64 percentAverage Amount of AidGrants: $6,685Loans: $6,591 Academic Programs Most Popular Majors: Accounting, Biology, Business Administration, Early Childhood Education, English, Middle School Education, Nursing, Psychology Retention and Graduation Rates First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 66Â  percent4-Year Graduation Rate: 19 percent6-Year Graduation Rate: 35Â  percent Intercollegiate Athletic Programs Mens Sports: Soccer, Swimming, Tennis, Track and Field, Basketball, Baseball, Cross CountryWomens Sports: Soccer, Swimming, Softball, Volleyball, Track and Field, Tennis, Cross Country If You Like Wright State University, You May Also Like These Schools Bowling Green State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOhio State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Cincinnati: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphOhio University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Toledo: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphYoungstown State University: ProfileXavier University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphBall State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphMiami University (Ohio): Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphUniversity of Kentucky: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT Graph Wright State University Mission Statement mission statement from http://www.wright.edu/about/leadership-and-governance/mission-vision-and-values We transform the lives of our students and the communities we serve. We will: build a solid foundation for student success at all levels through high-quality, innovative programs;conduct scholarly research and creative endeavors that impact quality of life;engage in meaningful community service;drive the economic revitalization of our region and our state and empower all of our students, faculty, staff, and alumni to develop professionally, intellectually, and personally. Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics

An Analysis of Broken On All Sides - 724 Words

Broken On All Sides is a 2012 documentary film directed by Matthew Pillischer. Though it primarily focuses on the county jail system in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, the message of the film greatly extends to the rest of the United States. In a nation where over one in one hundred of U.S. adults are incarcerated, the United States imprisons the greatest number of people in the world (Petit, 2012). In fact, though the U.S. only makes up five percent of the world’s population, it incarcerates a quarter of its prisoners (Pillischer, 2012). What Broken On All Sides seeks to present is just how â€Å"unjust† the criminal justice system is as those most negatively affected by the increasing incarceration rate in the U.S. are young men of color, particularly African Americans. Primarily highlighted in the documentary is the idea of mass incarceration as â€Å"The New Jim Crow†, a phrase popularly used by author and civil rights advocate, Michelle Alexander in her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. As many already know with it being a significant part of American history, the Jim Crow era was a time of intense racial segregation of African Americans from whites with the former having drastically inferior positions in society. Many of the discriminatory practices that were upheld in the Jim Crow era, including discrimination in housing, jobs, and voting are illegal now if applied to blacks, but are perfectly legal when applied to prisoners, many of whom areShow MoreRelatedExamination Of A Crime Scene1640 Words   |  7 Pages†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦3 1.1 SCENARIO†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...3 1.2 RISK ASSESSMENT†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.4 1.3 PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SCENE..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..4 2.0 SUCCESSFUL SUBMISSION OF COLLECTION LOG.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦5 3.0 EVIDENCE SUBMITTED FOR FURTHER ANALYSIS†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.6 3.1 PACKAGING EVIDENCE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...6 4.0 ASSESS HOW THE EVIDENCE IDENTIFIES THE OFFENDER†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦..†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...8 5.0 REFERENCE†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.....†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.10 1.0 Introduction During the past few years, physicalRead MoreJ. 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The Mbuti Tribe Free Essays

Ashley Jones ANT 101: Introduction to Cultural Anthropology March 04, 2012 Introduction The way of life in a distant African rainforest where harsh climate and availability of resources were common, the Mbuti tribe were foraging society that hunt and gather and live in a band of 10-50 people. Their environment influenced their modes of subsistence, cultural aspects and lifestyle in a deep-seated system. A culture normally describes a method of concepts, outlook, beliefs and language, which examines the way of life of a specific group of people with similar interests. We will write a custom essay sample on The Mbuti Tribe or any similar topic only for you Order Now The cultural system defines and forms necessary activities, views, opinions and interactions among people and their cultures, as well as their surrounding. The central African Mbuti or Bambuti tribe comprised an indigenous people who live within and on the border of the Congo basin rainforest in the Central African Republic of Congo. Their language falls into a classification of the Nilo-Saharan phylum. These groups of indigenous people, primarily settles in the Ituri forest. The forest is a component of a vast tropical rainforest within the Congo basin. This region receives higher precipitations each year, ranges between 50-70 inches amount of rain. The long duration of rain are interrupted by short periods of dry season for two months. The region is wet and humid all year round, and has various lakes and rivers. The community experienced difficulties such as diseases, which is prevalent due to humidity and plenty of rain that contributes to the scarcity of their food supplies. The rapid spread of diseases claims people and animals, and as well as shortage of food. Tsetse flies limit the breeding of large animals, which causes sleeping sickness. The inhabitants of the Bambuti tribe is roughly 30-40 thousand people. The Mbuti were the oldest inhabitants of the central African region. The Ituri is a rainforest and does not produced adequate food all year to support the Mbuti tribe. The Mbuti are hunters and gatherers. They believed that the forest is everything to them. They consider it as their God, parent, and provider. They perceived themselves as the children of the forest (Mosko,1987). According to Mosko, all other tribes that were not Mbuti live outside of the Ituri forest. The Mbuti do not practice any recognized type of kinship patterns in their social organization (Mosko,1987). There are recognitions of kinship in some practices; for instance, in rules of exogamous marriage or when setting up camp. The huts are laid out according to patrilineage, for mutual support, but no acknowledgement of kinship is given (Mosko,1987). The Mbuti hunt and gather resources such as meat, honey, fruits, nuts and mushrooms in the forest. They trade either labor or wild resources from their hunting and gathering for products from horticulturalist societies to supplement their diets (Bailey, Head, Jenke, Owen, Rechtman and Zechenter, 1989). And in return, the Bambuti receives agricultural foods, salt, cloth, pots, pans, axes and blades, and other items not available in the forest. Mainly, the subsistence occupation of men consists of hunting animals and gathering wild honey. Like the other foraging societies, the Mbuti were very close to nature. The Mbuti believed that the forest is their God, and possessed all the qualities of a god, parent, and partner (Mosko,1987). They believed that all living things have a spirit and are equal (Mosko,1987). The Mbuti considered their tribe as one family and they are all related biologically, to some extent. They call each other by names of close family members; if they are the same age, they call each other brothers and sisters (Mosko,1987). The older people are called Father or Mother and the elders are described as grandparents. Aside from the nuclear family settling in the same hut, there is small number of areas in which the tribe expressed acknowledgement of biological kinship. This is contrary to most foraging societies, where kinship system are the bases of social structure (Nowak Laird, 2010). The bands relocate from one place to another in search for resources. Cooperation is also a valuable asset, since hunting and gathering is a cooperative effort. More common to foragers is the belief in the spirituality of nature (Nowak Laird, 2010). Infectious disease in the forest lived on plants. Diseases are scarce enough that the community cannot create immunity. Malnutrition is uncommon and if found, it is mild (Fabrega, 1997). Hunter gatherers normally benefit from healthy diet. Sickness is usually a spiritual problem (Fabrega, 1997). The Mbuti considers the Ituri forest has a center. The round huts, in which the Mbuti nuclear families live, has a center or sphere. They store foods in a round shaped baskets. The arrangement of the family hut is a smaller depiction of the organization of the Mbuti tribe. The place of each band camps form a sphere, with the forest in its center. The Mbuti have an uncommon outlook of kinship and lineage, which are usually a determining factors in the social structures of other foraging societies, as well as horticulturist (Nowak Laird, 2010). The Mbuti community do not know their lineage, which is evidenced in the way the camps are each laid out (Mosko, 1987). Marriage is exogamous to the band to which a person lives. They cannot marry their kin because all are biologically related, that’s why they produced an exception to the kinship policy. Living elders who recognized the common ancestors of the band involved, then they are related. However, if the ancestors are no longer living before the living elders recognized them, then the band becomes unrelated. This rule permits the Mbuti community to preserve their rules against marrying relatives and outside marriages. The Mbutis are separated into age groups. Age together with knowledge is important. The elders have the most knowledge, which gives them the authority. However, their authority can sometimes over-rule by the younger adults. Because they all have the same parent which is the forest, and do not cooperate with any kinship organization because they are all equivalent. The Mbuti lives mainly in the Ituri forest, it is their God and parent. All foraging societies have a special reverence for nature (Nowak Laird, 2010). Hunting and gathering bring the tribe together and makes them closer to nature. They respect the forest and nature. Ownership have no importance because of their way of life, they move from one place to another. Personal traits and cooperative attitude are more important (Nowak Laird, 2010). They have a healthy selection of food, which helps them to fight diseases. Each feature of their way of life is nature-oriented and it all points out to their environment. The Mbuti is a complete culture that supports each portion of its survival on the forest, which is the cause for the subsistence technique from which they exist. References Bailey, R. C. , Head, G. , Jenike, M. , Owen, B. , Rechtman, R. , Zechenter, E. (1989). Hunting and gathering in tropical rainforest: Is it possible? American Anthropologist. New series 91(1) pp. 59-82. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. rg/stable/649276. Fabrega, H. Jr. (1997). Earliest phases in the evolution of sickness and healing. Medical Anthropology Quarterly. New series 11(1) pp. 26-55. Retrieved from http://www. jstor. org/stable/649276. Mosko, M. S. (1997). The symbols of â€Å"Forest†: A structural analysis of Mbuti culture and Social organization. American Anthropologist. New series 89(4) pp. 896-913. Retrieved from http://www . jstor. org/stable/677863. Nowak, B. , Laird, P. (2010). Cultural Anthropology. San Diego, CA. Bridgepoint Education, Inc. Retrieved from https://content. ashford. edu/books. How to cite The Mbuti Tribe, Papers

Discuss The Right Composition Of The Problem-Solving Team - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Right Composition Of The Problem-Solving Team. Answer: Problem-solving team and the functions and roles of its individual members The number of members of the problem solving team will be five as these few members will be appropriate for Synergy Company Limited. Each member will have the following functions and roles in the team to solve problems effectively:- Facilitator- One member will guide the team via the stages of the process in problem solving, maintain the control of the meetings and check the agreements among the team members during the discussion Recorder- Another member will form the record of the intervention meeting and can further ask for classification in certain points needed Time-keeper- The next member will keep an eye on the time allocated to each stage of the meeting and informs others when time is finished Case-manager- Another member will clarify the concern and decide what other data is needed Coordinator- last remaining member will be responsible for handling the logistics, which will include the scheduling, reserving location about the meeting (Carmeli, Gelbard and Reiter?Palmon 2013). Leader or self-managed team I will prefer appointing a leader for the team because a leader can guide them through the process of solving. However, team leader will allow the team a little more freedom so that decisions are made within the team rather than a feeling of authority versus subordinates. I feel without a team leader in a team can often lead to personality clashes. Moreover, a team leader can help the team in fairly compensating for the extra responsibilities that can come in the way of the team (Tost, Gino and Larrick 2013). Thus, to avoid all these drawbacks a leader will be appointed to the team. Coordination of activities The activities can be coordinated within the team through appropriate planning as well as communication. Planning includes the task to be performed, anticipated time and the necessity to hold meeting. However, the most important part is proper communication among the team members so that each member is aware of the activities (Gorman 2014). Decisions will be solely team based and will rely heavily in the data and discussion among the team members. Disagreements within the team can be handled through active listing to the team members before responding and further considering the point of view of the other person. Reporting to the board of governors To report the board of governors a meeting will be scheduled for which a agenda will be prepared beforehand along with the minutes of the meeting. Moreover, reports will be gathered and further the reporting will be done through this board meeting. Measurement of each team members performance I will prefer to measure each team members performance as well as the performance of the whole group because both are equally important in determining the accomplishment of the organization (Zairi 2012). However, the measurement can be done through the following five metrics- Quality of their work- measure based on those employees who reaches their targets and among them who fails to achieve it Attendance- committed team members will have explanatory attendance records whereas few might turn late or takes excessive leaves Efficiency Initiative- based on the employees willingness to adopt and take responsibilities (Anitha 2014) Interaction- top most performers will be creative as well as helpful and efficient enough to build team interaction Recommendation of individual and/or group rewards I will recommend both individual and group rewards. For individual rewards, I will recommend appreciation as well as recognition of their efforts that will be reflected in their performances. Their rewards will thus be verbal recognitions by the higher authority and recognition certificates. On the other hand, team rewards will comprise of Team bonus, team day out and team recognition award. This will help them motivate for peer cooperation as will encourage them more to contribute equally in meeting their team targets. Recommendation to increase their mutual trust and open communication To increase mutual trust I will recommend every team member to lead by example and show others that they are trusted. Moreover, at times of trust issue in the team it is important that the root of the issue found out first and then overcome it. On the other hand, for an open communication each member should be open to reciprocal feedbacks and understand the diversity issues within the organization. Implementation plan Week 1 week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Week 5 Week 6 Week 7 Week 8 Week 9 Week 10 Week 11 Week 12 Communication with the staff about the shift of the IT department Staff motivation and internal communication and collaboration Selecting members for the problem solving team Training the teams for a new organizational culture Appointing a leader Coordinating every decisions regarding shifting to the higher authority Introducing the new technologies to the employees and make them work with them along with the old ones Then shifting the office Giving the employees sometime to adjust Build mutual trust and communication Measuring their performances Reward their efforts References Anitha, J., 2014. Determinants of employee engagement and their impact on employee performance.International journal of productivity and performance management,63(3), p.308. Carmeli, A., Gelbard, R. and Reiter?Palmon, R., 2013. Leadership, creative problem?solving capacity, and creative performance: The importance of knowledge sharing. Human Resource Management,52(1), pp.95-121. Gorman, J.C., 2014. Team coordination and dynamics: two central issues.Current Directions in Psychological Science,23(5), pp.355-360. Tost, L.P., Gino, F. and Larrick, R.P., 2013. When power makes others speechless: The negative impact of leader power on team performance.Academy ofManagement Journal,56(5), pp.1465-1486. Zairi, M., 2012.Measuring performance for business results. Springer Science Business Media

Demand And Supply Essay Essay Example

Demand And Supply Essay Essay Based on the demanded and supply of Kitkat, If I am the manager of Ten-10 in Lim Kok Wing University, I would lower the price of a bar of KitKat. In demand, if I lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the quantity of demanded will increase, so more people would buy the bar of Kitkat. More people in Lim Kok Wing University would afford to buy the bar of Kitkit. In supply, the lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the greater the quantity supply. So there is more product to being sell. 2 a)If the price of chicken rice increase, the quantity demand of chicken rice will decrease, therefore less people will buy chicken rice in Lim Kok Wing University. In supply, the quantity of supply will increase. b)If the price of potato and mix vegetables increase, the price of chicken chop will remain the same. They will put less vegetable and potato for the chicken rice to prevent raise of price of the chicken rice. The cost and quantity of chicken rice will still be the same. So there are no change in quantity of chicken rice and the rise of price in chicken rice. c)If the price of the chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine at other outlet in Makanlah increase, the amount of student in Lim Kok Wing that going to eat lunch the will be decrease. The quantity of chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine will increase because there is less student buy the food. 3) We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Demand And Supply Essay Essay Example Demand And Supply Essay Essay Based on the demanded and supply of Kitkat, If I am the manager of Ten-10 in Lim Kok Wing University, I would lower the price of a bar of KitKat. In demand, if I lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the quantity of demanded will increase, so more people would buy the bar of Kitkat. More people in Lim Kok Wing University would afford to buy the bar of Kitkit. In supply, the lower the price of a bar of KitKat, the greater the quantity supply. So there is more product to being sell. 2 a)If the price of chicken rice increase, the quantity demand of chicken rice will decrease, therefore less people will buy chicken rice in Lim Kok Wing University. In supply, the quantity of supply will increase. b)If the price of potato and mix vegetables increase, the price of chicken chop will remain the same. They will put less vegetable and potato for the chicken rice to prevent raise of price of the chicken rice. The cost and quantity of chicken rice will still be the same. So there are no change in quantity of chicken rice and the rise of price in chicken rice. c)If the price of the chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine at other outlet in Makanlah increase, the amount of student in Lim Kok Wing that going to eat lunch the will be decrease. The quantity of chicken rice, burger and Malay cuisine will increase because there is less student buy the food. 3) We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Demand And Supply Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Why the US Left Isolationism essays

Why the US Left Isolationism essays The United States, until just before the end of the World War II, excluded itself to a form of isolationism. By doing this, the United States relied on and looked after itself when dealing with foreign policy. But soon after World War II things changed, isolationism could not work for the betterment of the United States any longer. The United States needed to change the way it operated on an international scale, and take on a more demanding role in its foreign policy making. To understand this shift from isolationism to collective foreign diplomacy, an evaluation of the three levels of analysis would present three different aspects on how and why the United States made this shift. When looking at the post-war era, the United States change from isolationism was essential to its survival due to two key elements: the shift in great power, and the strengthening of United States military and capitalist economy. By using the three levels of analysis, you will be able to understand in depth how their interaction lead to the United States straying from its traditional isolationism, to its current role of collective foreign diplomacy. To understand the entire realm of things, you would need to start from the third level of analysis, The System. From the post-war International system to the events that lead up to the United States shift, all started at the third level of analysis. Prior to the great wars, the international system consisted of multiple great powers, and in turn caused multiple points of conflict (known as dyads), causing the United State to form its pre-war stance of isolationism to protect its own security. After World War II, the fall of Hitler and the devastation suffered during the wars by most of the great powers in Europe, caused the International system to have a shift in great powers. From this shift, it lead to a bipolar system, leaving the United States and a rebuilding communist S...

Case study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 18

Case study - Essay Example Finally, as analyzers, Coke continue to undertake research and scan the environment for changes in demands and customers’ needs and preferences. Porter’s framework uses the five forces: rivalry, supplier power, buyer power, threat of substitutes and threat of new entrants. Coke’s success in surpassing the performance of its competitors has been due to their continued commitment to review these five forces and determine strategies would effectively address defined threats and risks and tap existing opportunities. innovative and competitive strategies, and responding to the needs of the clientele have contributed to their leadership in a global scale. By consistently delivering high quality and affordable products, coupled with effective strategies for promotions, place, and price, Coke has sustained market profitability and assumed competitive advantage over its competitors. The most appropriate competitive strategy that would allow an organization to develop a sustainable competitive advantage is offering a product with distinct competency that is difficult to copy by competitors. For Coke, their secret formula for the classic Coke had remained confidential and no competitor could copy or closely resemble the distinct taste that made Coke number 1. For Butler, the design strategy that would provide a consistency in Coke’s brand should apply the strategies as defender, prospector and analyzer, in creating a unified design for the global market. Butler’s evaluation of the 450 brands should streamline, delete, replace and maintain only those that are clearly identifiable to Coke. A unified and consistent brand would actually minimize costs and thereby maximize revenues that would further increase Coke’s financial performance and success. The competitive strategies have been successful for Coke due to their ability to implement different strategies as deemed appropriate for the

Aid is abused by both donors and recipients. Nothing should be counted Essay

Aid is abused by both donors and recipients. Nothing should be counted as Official Development Assistance until it has been proved to reduce poverty. Discuss - Essay Example with these aid in such a manner that the positive impact of the aid in the recipient countries is nullified, the very essence of the institutional structures, policies and corruption in the recipient countries even make worse the situation by aggravating the ineffectiveness of the aid received. This has resulted to disappointing results over that past where actually the aim of development or poverty reduction were only recognized in a few countries that had favourable conditions to work with (Pettersson, 2007). Schabbel (2007:2) in his analysis of foreign and poverty reduction notes that World Bank statistics shows that though the number of poor people in extreme poverty has reduced from 40.4% in 1981 to 21.1% in 2001, most of this reduction was traced from China. Excluding China from the analysis showed that in actuality extreme poverty rose. For instance in sub Saharan Africa, poverty rose from 41.6% in 1981 to 46.4% in 2001. And this has been the trend over the past in such a mann er that it attracted global debate in effectiveness of such aid and necessitated a number of agreements, one in 2005 and the other in 2008 to help in achieving higher effectiveness. Indeed the effectiveness of aid, has been high on political agendas with a several agreements on how to make aid being more effective adopted by various governments both donors and recipients: that is the Accra Agenda for Action of 2008 and the Paris declaration of 2005 which provide commitments and principles for ensuring that ODA provided are effective and efficient in meeting their objectives (OECD Observer, 2007; OECD, 2008:1). The Reality of Aid Report (2010:9) though note that the manner in which these agreements are implemented is too technical to actually transform the manner in which aid is governed to actually make it more effective and relevant to the poor for whom it is aimed. It shows that the agreements have not changed the reality of aid relationships since what is actually practised are

ANTH 25 Assignment 7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ANTH 25 Assignment 7 - Essay Example Hence, employees at this level can work with the management team without much difficulty. I like my job because I always enjoyed playing with numbers while I was young. Banking too has been my core career interest and it fits into my educational goals. The main challenge is the time factor because the financial industry requires an employee to work for many hours due to the workload and limited time resource. This affects off-work commitments and relationships. I overcame this by re-arranging my schedules. The time factor also prevents employees wishing to any form of part-time study program. Today, graduates get an average of $53,000, but my starting salary was at $49,900. The employment of other employees in this position is an improvement from the earlier $49,700 in 2012. It has been higher in previous years notably 2011, where the figure stood at $50,500. This is according to Andrea Koncz, the employment information manager at National Association of Colleges and Employees NACE in their salary survey reports. I would describe it as both affiliate and goal oriented. Through this method, the management encourages the workforce to develop a sense of teamwork and drive towards set a target. Firms avoid the use of authoritative management, as it is destructive to the morale of the employees, which hurts organizational productivity. Thus, the management should strive to device strategies that work for the company and its skilled workforce. I get up at around 6:30. Am and head out to the gym, after an hour’s workout I clean up and go to the office. Ten minutes to eight, I check into the office, login to my work email, and check emails I need to attend to.9. Am my workday commences but if it is a Monday morning, we all gather for our weekly meeting with the management team. I go for lunch at 2.pm after handling client accounts for five hours non-stop, its tiring so the lunch break helps.

Vodka In An Absolut World

Vodka In An Absolut World Every bottle of Absolut Vodka is produced in Ahus, in southern Sweden where the wheat that gives Absolut Vodka its smooth grain character grows. Absolut Vodka is produced from winter wheat, a hardy wheat grain that centuries of experience have shown to produce superior vodka. Absolut Vodka uses a process called continuous distillation, introduced in Sweden in 1879 by The Vodka King Lars Olsson Smith (Pernod Ricard, 2009). The water it uses comes from our own deep well. Producing its vodka in one location using local raw materials gives VS Absolut Spirits complete control of all stages of production and ensures that every drop meets the companys high quality standard. Unlike other vodkas, the Absolut Vodka flavors are made by blending the vodka with only natural flavors and no sugar is added. In fact, Absolut is as pure as vodka can be. Still, that purity has a certain taste; rich, full-bodied and complex, yet smooth and mellow with a distinct character of grain, followed by a hint of dried fruit (2009). Absolut Vodka currently comprises its products within many flavors, such as vanilia, raspberri, apeach, ruby red, pears, and mango. All Absolut Vodka products can also be enjoyed neat or mixed in drinks. In addition, the shape of the Absolut Vodka bottle has made it one of the worlds most iconic products reinforces the brands strong design heritage. The bottle shape of the Absolut Vodka bottle has made it one of the worlds most iconic products reinforces the brands strong design heritage. It looked elegant, different, simple and very Swedish, and was decided that there should be no label not to hide the crystal clear liquid. Blue was decided upon as the most visible and elegant color for the Absolut Vodka logo. The flavor comes in a transparent bottle in order to show how pure and clear its vodka is. The brand values of Absolut are defined as Clarity, Simplicity and Perfection. All three are there, visible on the bottle. Absolut Vodka currently comprises the following products within the same quality framework: Year Product 1979 Absolut Vodka 1986 Absolut Pepper 1988 Absolut Citron 1992 Absolut Kurant 1999 Absolut Mandrin 2003 Absolut Vanilla 2004 Absolut Raspberri 2005 Absolut Apeach 2006 Absolut Ruby Red 2007 Absolut Pears, Absolut 100, Absolut Mango 2008 Absolut Los Angeles 2009 Absolut Boston 2010 Absolut Berri Acai, Absolut Brooklyn, 2011 Absolut Wild Tea, Absolut San Francisco Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolut_Vodka Creativity is what drives Absolut brand forward. That applies not only to the marketing and design, but also to the product development. When launching a flavour, the Absolut Company wants to make room for new cocktail experiences. 3. Brand Positioning Absolut Vodka is positioned as premium brand in the minds of the target consumers. The price of the product is high. Absolut is one of the expensive brands among the leading brands in the U.S. as illustrated in Exhibit 4. The company also tried to feature the product as a high end product. For example, Absolut had an identity campaign termed Smart, showy, sassy, sophisticated and stylish. By this kind of brand personality statement, the brand was associated with the fashion conscious, rich, desperate and dynamic lifestyle-namely the Absolut Lifestyle. Absolut entered Glamour world and tried to relate the brand with fashion world. In the Lifestyle magazines, the glimpse of a trendy tanned fashionable girl posing and wearing Absolut Vodka marked attire became widely visible. The brand personality of Absolut was communicated successfully with the help of a series of aesthetically designed advertisement campaigns both in print and in electronic media. The word Absolut was punned in conjunction with creative images of the bottle and with strong positive feeling awakening words or phrases. Absolut went for simple, but sophisticated ads a classy picture of the bottle accompanied by a witty caption (Facts Abusolut Ads, 2009). Those advertisements have not only broken advertising records year after year but also have captured the eyeball alongside the imagination of the general public. The advertisement campaigns were nice to look at, easy to understand yet had the spark of intelligence and smartness. The modes featuring in the advertisement had a tanned skin most of the times thus the brand tried to relate itself with a sense of sunny, urban and dynamic lifestyle. The brand was more inclined to lay emphasis on girls. Because vodka is an odorless drink and do esnt give any quirky sensation while drinking, this was assumed that girls would love this kind of product features. Absolut Vodka soon became news. The latest ads often started getting journalistic coverage in magazines and on TV. Everybody talked about Absolut campaigns be it the Absolut Manhattan ad portraying an aerial view of New Yorks Central Park in the shape of an Absolut Vodka bottle or 26 Russian painters creating their own most personal impressions of the bottle. Over the years Absolut has commissioned not only over 300 painters, but also leading artists in all fields like sculptors, glass designers, musicians and fashion designers. The main strategy of the brand was to avoid relating the product with only one particular lifestyle and the ads were to have a timeless but contemporary theme. Absolut Vodka can be proud of its ads in crossing the line between advertising and art using different medians such as paintings, limited edition bottles, shirts, and sculpture (Brand Spotlight: Absolut Vodka, 2010). Many famous artists worked for the company, including Andy Warhol and Keith Harris. TBWAs branding campaign for Absolut Vodka was listed as one of the top ten campaigns of the last century by Advertising Age and the campaign won many awards including an Effie and Kelly awards which are probably the most prestigious awards in the advertising industry (2010). Those highly accepted and widely popular advertisements campaigns could successfully del iver the main brand positioning ideas of Absolut Vodka, i.e. premium product, high quality and association with art and a good life. 4. Competitors and their Campaigns In addition to Absolut Vodka, there are over other 30 vodka brands in the U.S. market as shown in Exhibit 2. Those brands are original from nine countries such as Belgium, Britain, Denmark, France, Finland, the Netherlands, Poland, Russia (Latvia and Estonia), and Sweden. Apart from American made brands existing in the market such as Popov, Gordon, etc. there was the emergence of new American made vodka brands in the past several year such as Skyy, a lovely San Francisco spirit, the newly arrived Teton Glacier, unique vodka made in Idaho, etc (Department of Liquor Control, 2009). In 2007, there were seven leading vodka brand in the U.S. market including Smirnoff, Absolut, Grey Goose, Skyy, Stolichnaya, Ketel One, and Svedka respectively as shown in Exhibit 3. These brands are made in different countries. However, the American made brand like Smirnoff was ranked the number one U.S. market share in 2007, followed by Absolut Vokda. A brief profile of five leading brands that were Absoluts competitors and their campaigns in 2007 will be discussed in next session. 4.1 Smirnoff Smirnoff is the #1 selling vodka in the U.S and the world. It had a 17.2% share in 2007. It is originally produced in Russia, the recipe found its way to America in the early 1900s. Smirnoff is one of alcohol brands of Diageo (Dee-AH-Gee-O), the worlds leading premium drinks business with an outstanding collection of beverage alcohol brands across spirits, wines, and beer categories. These brands include Johnnie Walker, Guinness, Smirnoff, JB, Baileys, Cuervo, Tanqueray, Captain Morgan, Crown Royal, Beaulieu Vineyard and Sterling Vineyards wines. In November, 2006, Smirnoff renewed its alliance with James Bond in the film Casino Royale. The alliance involved a multi-million dollar media campaign, which was activated in the U.S. and around the world. The campaign included a broadcast advertising campaign; on- and off-premise promotions and sweepstakes; a global public relations campaign; and a fully interactive Casino Royale microsite (Zydel, 2006). Smirnoff had the close partnership with Bond in 1962à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ²s Dr. No. In a scene when the villain hands Sean Connery a Martini, shaken not stirred made with Smirnoff Vodka. This monumental moment in film made some impact on the way martini drinkers made their cocktails, shifting from the traditional gin to a vodka-based drink and popularizing the vodka martini the world over (2006). Exhibit 5 shows a cross-promotional ad for James Bond Casino Royale and Smirnoff Vodka and some scenes in James Bonds movie in 1962s. In August, 2007, Smirnoff launched its largest ever marketing campaign ( £5M) which was named Sea to promote the brand. It centers around a 60-second commercial created by JWT, which premiered on 17 August 2007 in showings of The Bourne Ultimatum at selected cinemas across the United Kingdom. There were various tie-ins launched, including the Smirnoff Purifier, an online game, point of sale Smirnoff purity kits, and a tour of a custom-built Smirnoff Purification Installation used to make drinkable samples of water taken from saline or otherwise undrinkable water at selected sites (Sea: Advertisement, 2010). 4.2 Grey Goose Grey Goose was imported to the United States by the Sidney Frank Importing Company which is located in New Rochelle New York. In 1997, the brand became national prominence when it was awarded substantially for its quality in the U.S. In 2004, Sidney Frank then sold the right of manufacturing to Bacardi. Grey Goose was the first prominent French vodka but has seen some competition from Nuage, Ciroc and Idol which are now on the market. Each of these vodka brands are premium brands sold in North America (Grey Goose Vodka, 2007). In 2007, it held a 6.3% share of the U.S. Market. In 2007, claiming itself to be the Worlds Best Tasting Vodka, Grey Goose launched its new Discerning Taste advertising campaign which was produced by New York-based @radical.media. The campaign was the brands first major advertising effort since its acquisition by Bacardi Limited in 2004. It consisted of four different print advertisements and three broadcast spots. Creative elements of the campaign capture particular moments, people, places, and events in the lives of Grey Goose consumers revealing their unyielding lifestyle of discerning taste. The theme of the advertising platform supports the brands commitment to represent more than just a spirit, but a luxurious lifestyle brand. The print composites reveals the back stories of Grey Goose drinkers by portraying images ranging from playing golf to a spontaneous late night dinner with friends. These snapshot moments suggest that a Grey Goose drinkers inherent eye for detail leads them to seek refined subtleties in more than just th eir vodka but in all aspects of life (Grey Goose Vodka 2007 Advertising Campaign, 2007). The advertising campaign commenced in conjunction with the U.S. Open Tennis Championships in which Grey Goose was the Proud Promotional Partner of the tournament. The advertisements surrounded broadcast coverage on the USA Network and appeared on target outlets such as the Golf Channel, ESPN, and HD Networks and in print outlets such as BlackBook, Departures, GQ, Golf Digest, Travel + Leisure, Vanity Fair and Wine Spectator (Grey Goose Vodka 2007 Advertising Campaign, 2007). 4.3 SKYY SKYY is one of the fastest growing spirits globally and the leading domestic super premium vodka in the United States (Baker Hearn, 2005). The brand was launched in 1992 by Skyy Spirits, LLC who is the US-based wholly owned subsidiary of Gruppo Campari (Milan: CPR.MI) and the definitive marketer and distributor of super-premium and luxury spirits brands in North America. It had 4.6% U.S. share. Skyy vodkas highest quality and ultimate smoothness are perceived by consumers due to the state-of-the-art process of quadruple distillation and triple filtration (2005). According to the good design of its distinctive cobalt blue bottle and award-winning marketing communications, SKYY is synonymous with quality, sophistication, and style (2005). SKYY Vodka let the worlds most accomplished and controversial photographers interpret the brands sexy image in bold and daring fashion (Press Release: Skyy Spirits Unveils Sexiest Ad Campaign in Skyy  ® Vodka History, 2010). In 2007, SKYY looked to acclaimed photographer and independent filmmaker David LaChapelle to shoot the powerful, tantalizing images that captured the essence of cocktail glamour and the jet set lifestyle which would constitute its third campaign. The national campaign was named Cocktail Moments and was available for national outdoor, print, and online. Exhibit 6 shows some ads for this campaign. The creative was launched outdoors beginning January 2007 in LA, Chicago, Miami and San Francisco (2010). Magazine insertions start in February of 2007 in men and womens entertainment and lifestyle publications, including ESPN, InStyle, US Weekly and People, as well as on www.SKYY.com. The ads also ran as banner ads on selected websites including ESPN.com, Evite.com, an d Gay.com, starting in mid-February. Due to its bold, sexy imagery, SKYYs ads have become collectible pieces of artwork (2010). 4.4 Stolichnaya Stolichnaya has its origins in the Moscow State Wine Warehouse No. 1 which was opened in 1901 by the authorities to ensure higher quality vodka production (Stolichnaya, 2010). It was the first vodka to be introduced and imported into the USA, in 1972. Stolichnaya was at this time a good choice to the USA-produced vodka brands as it tasted milder due to a more refined distilling process (2010). However, Stolichnayas popularity has been dependent on the political climate between the U.S. and the former USSR. In 2005, Stolichnaya was included in the Pernod Ricard portfolio. Pierre Pringuet, Managing Director of Pernod Ricard said We needed a major vodka to boost and balance our product range. Stolichnaya signalled our first step in the vodka market and we are proud of our achievements in developing this fine brand. But with ABSOLUT, we have now made a giant leap forward! (Pernod Ricard, 2008). Since 2005, sales of Stolichnaya grew up from 2.1 million to 3.4 million cases and it had a 4.2% share. In 2007, the brand received several awards including Best New Product in the U.S. and Best New Event in the UK. Additionally, its benchmark Ultra Premium Stolichnaya Elit also got the highest rating by the U.S. Beverage Tasting Institute (2008). While renovating the brand, Pernod Ricard launched a new advertising campaign for the Stoli family in order to remind consumers to Choose Authenticity on April 9, 2007 (Pernod Ricard USA, LLC., 2007). Exhibit 7 presents ads of this campaign. The campaign debuted in leading U.S. magazines as In Style, Rolling Stone, and GQ in May, 2007. The new campaign was in a visual style and based on a Russian artistic movement called constructivism, that celebrated the strong industrial structures of the early 20th century when there was the creation of Stolichnaya (2007). The campaign depicted positive Russian icons in a proud tone and humorous way. One of the first ad executions headlines was The Mother of all Vodkas, from the Motherland of Vodka. The new campaign was developed according to two findings of research that: first, that the remarkable history of Stoli hadnt been fully told; and second, that authenticity was a critical consideration in the purchasing decisions of sophisticated, young adult consumers at that time (2007). Patrick Piana, Senior Vice President, Marketing, Pernod Ricard USA said: Pernod Ricard has consistently demonstrated its ability to drive brands to achieve their potential, and we are confident that this new Stolichnaya campaign will resonate with the brands core consumers and build on our overall track record of success(2007). However, after the purchase of Absolut was completed, Pernod Ricard ended its agreement with Stoli. William Grant Sons USA signed an agreement to distribute Stolichnaya in the U.S. in 2009. 5. Consumer Behavior The comprehensive analysis of vodka by the Beverage Information Group and research by Simmons Market Research Bureau reveal consumer behavior of vodka as follows: Vodka is unlike any other spirit category. The proportion between male vodka consumers and female consumers are fairly equal. Furthermore, it is consumed by all adult age groups (Simmons Market Research Bureau, 2007). Due to universal appeal of vodka coupled with its versatility as a mixer and the cachet high end products, it has continued to attract adult consumers (Beverage Information Group, 2008). Females favor flavored vodkas while males take the lead among several brands-Absolut Kurant, Stoli Citros, Stoli Ohranj and Stoli Cranberi (Simmons Market Research Bureau, 2007). According to Simmons (2007), the older the brand the older the consumer. Stolichnaya drinkers tend to be older than Absolut drinkers. Also, Absolut drinkers tend to be slightly older than Grey Goose consumers. Belvedere scores highest in the 21-to-24 age group among unflavored vodkas. Younger adult consumers tend to be attracted by somewhat sweet flavors-vanilla and raspberry. Whereas older consumers prefer classic cocktails that are savory in nature (Beverage Information Group, 2008). All vodka consumers are moving toward a healthier lifestyle and a greener planet. (Beverage Information Group, 2008). It was found that several marketers are incorporating natural and green elements in their products. This is a trend that is expected to continue (Beverage Information Group, 2008).. Limited edition products that benefit local causes such as Absolut New Orleans and Absolut Los Angeles are another trend that is expected to gain a following (Beverage Information Group, 2008).. Overall, consumers are moving away from sweet cocktails into the savory area. This may not bode well for several flavored vodkas (Beverage Information Group, 2008). Review of publications about vodka brands uncovers that there are some significant factors that enhance customer decision making process when buying vodka as follows: Luxury: By definition, vodka is a clear, tasteless, odourless liquid-meaning that a basic level of quality distilling yields vodka on par with any other. Yet through clever ads and higher pricing, Absolut vodka became the premium vodka over Smirnoff in the 1980s. Then, i n the 1990s, Sidney Frank consciously decided to introduce Grey Goose vodka, which costs 50 percent more than Absolut, with reasoning that people would pay more for a brand they saw as more exclusive, just as they did with Absolut over Smirnoff. Since vodka is one of premium alcoholic drinks, it is considered a kind of luxury items (Rothbaum, 2009). Flavors: Several companies keep introducing more varieties for customers to choose from, this strategy has proven to be quite successful. Also, the U.S. is the worlds biggest market for flavored vodka and a new flavour can drive sales. For example, in the summer of 2007, Finlandia introduced grapefruit flavored vodka. The vodkas popularity has been so great that it has increased the brands overall sales of flavored vodkas by almost 10% (2009). Thus, there are still room for competition in the vodka category. Store shelves are now packed with new flavours and brand extensions from numerous well-established brands (2009). Price: Setting an inviting price to attract consumers seems to be successful for some brand vodkas like Smirnoff. For example, Smirnoff posted a 4.0% gain in 2008 and making it the top-selling spirit in the U.S., leveraging its rainbow of flavors as well as its inviting price (2009). This pricing strategy must be employed carefully for luxury goods like vodka, since consumers still perceive that Vodka should not be cheap. It is not a product of first necessity. Even though higher-priced brands are seeing slower growth, consumers are still spending a lot of money to purchase these prestigious brands. Reference Group: Vodka consumers use reference groups such as co-workers, friends, and family as a guide to select a brand, since vodka is a product that can be shared in social occasions and consumers tend to please all of those groups when they gather. Thus, group situations constitute their purchase decisions. Packaging: Packaging has always played an important role in developing brand image, and the vodka industry is not exceptional. According to Adam Rosen, the brand manager of Wyborowa Vodka, the vodka industry is much more image conscious than other liquors (Labbrand Consulting Co., Ltd., 2009). In addition to ingredients and taste, packing is another factor influencing vodka drinkers buying decision- the vodka they choose should make a statement to others. Thus, the bottle design should display sophistication and class. For example, Svedkas new bottle reflects their cheap chic positioning, allowing consumers to purchase a premium vodka at a competitive price (2009). This should appeal to hip night life lovers, but not older customers accustomed to having a casual drink at home. It was found that the older audience will appreciate a classic bottle design that looks nice in their alcohol cabinet (2009). As Svedka hasnt redesigned their bottle for over 10 years, the repeat customers like ly have a strong connection to the old brand image (2009). In short, packing can influence decisions made through constructive process at the time of purchase. 6. History of Brand Advertising Absolut Vodka has become famous mainly due to its advertising campaigns. The shape of the bottle of Absolut vodka is very unique and is emphasized in all their advertisements. For about 25 years, the focus on the product has been the main theme in advertisements for Absolut Vodka. They ran campaigns of humor featuring their unique bottle. It is the unique advertising campaigns that have made Absolut a popular brand going up to the heights of Coke and Nike. In 1981 they started the Absolut ________ campaign. Absolut Perfection which was created in 1981 was the first advertisement and it is still popular today. They had clever concepts like Absolut L.A. which showed a swimming pool shaped like a bottle or Absolut Warhol which showed the painting of a bottle by the artist. One of their popular ads is the Absolut London', which shows the door of 10 Downing Street resembling an Absolut bottle. In a 1988 feature of a playboy magazine they showed a bottle like a model and this ad was called Absolut Centerfold. Then there were issues Absolut Disco (2007) related to dance music in 2008 Absolut Masquerade under the theme Every night is a masquerade and in 2009 the Absolut Rock Edition as a tribute to rock and roll. They wanted to end this campaign in 1997 with the launch of an offbeat bottle campaign on April fools day and it was very popular. But it took 9 more years to come up with a different campaign due to its limited advertising budget. Th e Absolut ____ campaign enabled the brand to become the best-selling imported vodka in the United States as sales rose from 20,000 cases in 1981 to almost 5 million in 2007. In January 2006 they started a campaign called The Absolut Vodka which had a theme on the pun between the brand name and the word absolute. This multimedia campaign demonstrates the headship of Absolut Vodka as The Absolut Vodka and observes other classics that are absolutes in our culture. This campaign is an evolution of the brands iconic, 25-year-old advertising and one that underscores the brands marketing ingenuity and continuous creativity. This campaign was broadcasted on television in the United States. The campaign also featured online and print executions. The new execution was built on the brands existing campaigns. The broadcast depicts a collage of absolute moments and icons that bases modern culture. Pictures include The Absolut Morale Booster (Marilyn Monroe singing for U.S. troops) and The Absolut Road Trip (first manned trip to the moon). The print advertisement features an Absolut Vodka bottle levitating over a color-block table with copy that reads The Absolut Vodk a the image connotes an exclamation point. The print ad shows the genuinity of Absolut Vodka and conveys only one message that Absolut is The Absolut Vodka. The Absolut Vodka campaign targeted a new and increasing group of vodka drinkers in the United States. The broadcast is very interactive and is aimed at capturing in-the-know customers. The Absolut Vodka campaign was created by TBWA/Chiat/Day, the advertising agency of record for Absolut VODKA. 7. The In an Absolut World Campaign In 2007, Absolut Vodka began its In An Absolut World campaign in which the company posted various, often fanciful scenarios of what the target audience might think would constitute a perfect, or Absolut, reality. The campaign was handled by TBWA/Chiat/Day, part of the TBWA Worldwide division of the Omnicom Group. The In An Absolut World would elicit varying opinions and points of view of customers. It is designed to be an inspiring, humorous, and thought-provoking integrated campaign about what an Absolut World might look like and to initiate a discussion about both universal and everyday subjects, as well as to challenge consumers to express their own visions of the world. Its advertising campaign invites consumers to visualize a world that appeals to them one they feel may be more idealized or one that may be a bit fantastic. The campaign includes commercials and video clips as well as online ads, print ads, billboards and event marketing. Drinkers were invited to imbibe In An Absolut World, a fanciful, even surreal, place where common sense prevails and just deserts are always on the menu. For example, on planet Absolut, men can get pregnant, and lying leaders are exposed by their Pinocchio noses. In fact, Absolut was confronting the same problems as other market-leading brands in that everybody knows who they are, but what are they known for? Thus, The goal is to encourage a dialogue between customers and the brand. The ads proclaim, This is Absoluts view of the world; you respond, you react. Absolut ads aimed at minority consumers will also begin to feature the Absolut World theme. 7.1 Probable Marketing Objectives Since from 2003 to 2007 over 240 new brands of vodka came and many companies started focusing on the ultra-premium category, the marketing objectives of the In an Absolut World include robusting sales growth and re-establishing and re-cementing the Absoluts position in the vodka category in an extremely competitive environment. 7.2 Probable Communication/ Advertising Objectives The main communication of the In an Absolut World campaign is to provide the customers with an opportunity to interact, get involved and associated with the brand, since its customer survey found that the previous one never provided the opportunities for customers to interact and get involved with the brand. Furthermore, the campaign aimed at depicting that Absolut Vodka has a class of its own or a world of its own implicating that it is different and better than other brands. The idea is that Absolut Vodka is the quintessential vodka, the true vodka, and the standard by which you judge other things. 7.3 Target Market The target audience is 23 34 year urbanites. 7.4 Positioning Statement To inform urbanites that Absolut Vodka is the quintessential vodka, the true vodka, the standard by which consumers judge other Vodkas. 7.5 Creative Strategy The In an Absolut World advertising campaign requires that consumers imagine a world that appeals to them, something like a perfect world or a fantastic world, thus bringing about different opinions and points of view. Also it needs to these ads in countries worldwide with varying themes relevant to their region. 7.6 Creative Execution To achieve the creative strategy, they decided not only to show what an ABSOLUT WORLD looks like, but also to give consumers the chance to experience it in their daily lives. The idea was to publish the perfect newspaper and distribute it for free, with real editorial content that was entirely positive and interesting to read. Another idea was to perfect a taxi ride by supplying a fleet of free-of-charge Porsche taxis. The next idea was to make a unique experience at the nearest ATM cash machine by introducing the Happy Hour. 7.7 Media Strategy The campaign would be put in print ads, billboards, TV commercials, video clips as well as online ads (at absolut.com), and event marketing. Absolut turned its website into an online community where visitors can share and discuss their visions of an Absolut World, create and upload images, films, worlds, and sounds, create personal profiles; browse, comment, and develop the visions of others. 8. Evaluation of the In an Absolut World The campaign uses a combination of approaches in the major selling idea between creating a brand image, positioning and inherent drama. Absolut developed its strong, memorable identity through image advertising and positioned itself as the quintessential vodka in the consumers mind. The creative approach used in the campaign is appropriate for the target audience who is 25 34 year urbanites. The message can delivered to the target audience and executed in a combination of imagery and humor. For example, one of the ads shows an expectant couple and the husband is pregnant. Additionally, even though Absolut came up with many ads with different pictures, those ads were able to convey the message to the target audience effectively by using indirect headlines In an Absolut World as creative tactics for printing ads and TV commercials. Also, the message is short, clear, novel, and creative as well as provokes their thoughts. Most of the ads in the campaign use emotional appeal to attract the target audience while others create excitement and provoke thoughts. The ads and some TV commercials try to communicate with the target audience that people wish to see the world in a different manner according what an Absolut World means to them or their perceptions. For example, a TV commercial portrays a higher form of conflict resolution when protestors and police do a pillow war. In addition to creating the brand awareness, the campaign tried to break through the clutter by using both traditional and non-traditional advertising. The campaign has been put in a variety of media and on its Web site. The campaign also achieved one of the communication objectives of the brand is to provide the customers with an opportunity to interact, get involved and associated with the brand. By making the Web site more interactive for customers, Absolut creates a dialogue between the brand and customers and other visitors. Also, Absolut can get their data when those visitors and its customers create personal profile which can be used to develop marketing communications strategy in the future. Moreover, Absolut.com has become an online community where customers and visitors can disc

Essay --

As many people know, Kurt Cobain was lead singer and guitar player for the grunge band, Nirvana (Russomanno, Tony). There is truth behind the lyrics and tone of Cobain’s music. It takes people into the depths of what was really occurring behind closed doors. Cobain struggled with many adversities such as heroin, chronic stomach pains, drinking, and pills (Cobain, Kurt). Cobain, however; he did not deal with his adversities well. He was actually unable to ever overcome them. As a child, Cobain was involved in positive activities. â€Å"He participated in Little League Baseball when he was young. Cobain also spent a majority of his time with his only full-blooded sister, Kim, who was born in 1971† (Cobain, Kurt). During his childhood, Cobain often had to listen to his parents consistently fight and argue. He knew they were unhappy with each other, but he did not want them to divorce. â€Å"When Cobain turned nine, his parents finally divorced.† The divorce ultimately devoured Cobain and changed his outlook on life (Goldman, David). â€Å"After the divorce, Cobain’s father got remarried to a woman named Jenny. Cobain really felt a hatred and despise towards his step mother† (Cobain, Kurt). â€Å"He had felt that his father had always taken sides with her, and barely paid attention to him or his sister.† These issues with Cobain and his step mother also raised issues between Cobain and his father† (Cobain, Kurt). Cobain was not interested in school during his childhood. In fact, he hated going to school because he felt lonely and lost in the world. While Cobain attended high school, he participated in events such as art and music (Russomanno, Tony). He enjoyed painting and singing. During Cobain’s Jr. High and High school career he did not have to... ... still carries in her possession ( Grant, Tom). Cobain was a very famous rockstar who struggled greatly in life. He had many adversities such as heroin, alcohol, and chronic stomach pains. He dealt with his adversity of chronic stomach pain by doing drugs and drinking heavily. He did use his fame to positively advocate for those who were considered minorities. He married Courtney Love and had a daughter named Frances Bean. Cobain made many great hits during his career and soared music charts with songs known as â€Å"Lithium†, â€Å"Smells Like Teen Spirit†, â€Å"Heart Shaped Box†, and â€Å"All Apologies†. Even after death, Cobain's life carried on in his fans, clothing companies, movie companies and more. Sadly, Cobain was unable to overcome his adversities and committed suicide in April of 1994. Speaking his last words to the world, â€Å"It’s better to burn out, than to fade away..†

Great Expectation Essay

Compare the filming techniques used in Pip’s first meeting with Miss Havisham with two adaptations of Charles Dickens’s â€Å"Great Expectations†Ã‚  The two film clips that this essay will be based on, and comparing, is a version by Julian Jarrold which appeared on TV screens in 1999 and a much older cinema appearance by David Lean from 1946. The first noticeable difference is that the earlier film is played in black and white and therefore has certain lighting limitations and, as a result of technological disadvantages, has limited camera shot availability. However, there are a number of useful factors available for analysis. Both films attempt to build up a sense of mystery and increasing tension all the way through the scenes and the task in hand is to focus in on all the different types of filming techniques used to do so. On the whole, the 1999 version is darker than the 1946 edition and this increases the tension factor. Each scene takes us from Pip entering Miss Havisham’s room to when he leaves and incorporates all of the insults and belittling from Miss Havisham and Estella, although even this is played differently in the two films; David Lean makes very obvious insults as though Estella is actually telling him he is lower than her yet in Jarrold’s version Estella either insults Pip to Miss Havisham or to herself in an undertone. There are six main techniques used by each director which this essay will analyse, they are: shot types and framing-how each camera shot affects the â€Å"mood† of the scene, camera angles and lens movement-how the camera is positioned and what bearing that has on the scene, editing, music and sound effects-the backing sounds and its effect on the viewer, costumes-what each actor is wearing and what it does for the characters personality/appearance, lighting and visual effects-how the light and dark areas of the screen portray different ideas. Firstly, there are a few similarities between both scene’s Shot types and framing/Camera angles and lens movements/Editing. The first is that both incorporate a long shot as Pip enters to show the huge room in front of him and show that this room really is intimidating as Pip looks tiny compared to the huge open space ahead. Secondly, both films show Pips reaction as a close up shot after the insults from Estella, this gives the viewer a real sense of pity for Pip and shows us what exactly is going through his mind at the time. The final similarity is as the game of cards unfolds, both films fade into the game to show a passing of time and both use an extreme close up to show us what is happening and, Miss Havisham is sat high on a chair in the middle, with Pip and Estella on the floor either side, with a medium shot, making Miss Havisham look very dominant and the children look almost patronised. The 1999 version has a lengthy amount of time when Pip is wondering around the room looking at certain objects, building up mystery and tension, which Jarrold misses out and skips from Pip entering straight to his conversation with Miss Havisham. This â€Å"added† section has a mixture of medium close ups, close ups and extreme close ups, but all the way through the shots are positioned a bit higher than Pip so it gives the audience the idea that somebody has a watchful eye on him, and this, to a certain extent, is almost creepy, certainly builds up mystery and also borderlines on scary. For example, when Pip is walking past the dummies the camera is high up so it is as though the viewers are looking through Miss Havisham’s eyes. The other main camera uses are when Pip sees Miss Havisham in the mirror, she looks virtually ghost like and it is almost scary, but just before she appears, its looks again as though he is being watched, and as Miss Havisham waves her arm to tell Pip to play, there is a close up of her arm to show her dominance and shortly after a close up of Pip’s face to show the confused reaction. This section of the scene is very clever camera work by Jarrold, and really does freak the audience out. Both films use shot types, framing, camera angles, lens movement and editing differently, but there a number of specific differences between the two. When the two films join back up, there are many different camera uses and consequences of such. In the 1946 version, there is a long shot as Pip walks up to Miss Havisham and a medium close up as they talk to one-another and as Pip advances further, the camera moves in an arc to keep him and Miss Havisham on the picture at the same time. When they are closer, it allows an even closer shot than before of their faces and therefore portrays both expressions and the reactions to each others expressions individually. An addition to this version of â€Å"Great Expectations† is how the camera zooms in on a cobweb covered bible to show the lost faith of Miss Havisham, and explain to the audience that something terrible has happened earlier in her life to make her do so. A two shot of Miss Havisham and Pip is on screen, and, as Estella joins the camera â€Å"slides† horizontally to follow her in. As Estella whispers in Miss Havisham’s ear there is a two shot to portray Miss Havisham’s expression. When Miss Havisham asks Pip his opinion of Estella he is made to whisper it in her ear but as he does so there is a medium close up showing all three expressions at the same time, i.e. Pip’s horror as Miss Havisham tells Estella what he has just said and Estella’s delight of hearing such approving words. As Pip approaches the gate to go home, there is another fade in to show more time has passed by. This can be compared with the 1999 version which has a much briefer conversation between Pip and Miss Havisham as much time is spent when Pip walks around, but, when Pip is whispering about Estella, the camera zooms in on Estella’s face to show her reaction after being praised by Pip. Finally, when Pip and Miss Havisham are talking, there is a two shot of them to show each reaction as each person says something.

How to Create a Character Profile

How to Create a Character Profile How to Create a Character Profile How to Create a Character Profile By Ali Hale Have you created character profiles for the main cast of your novel? While not all authors use character profiles, many find them a very handy tool for keeping track of their characters – and for developing and fleshing out those characters in the first place. Done well, a character profile can help you harness your creativity and really dig into who your characters are.   Sometimes, though, writers treat character profiles as a form-filling exercise, coming up with their character’s eye color, hair color, first job, etc without investing any of this with a deeper meaning. They might diligently complete character profiles for every character in their novel – even the bus driver who only has a walk-on part in chapter five – but they’re not any closer to having any real insight into their characters. So what should go in your character profile and how should you use it? What to Include in a Character Profile Firstly, not every character in your novel needs a profile at all. Characters who have a minor role (like your protagonist’s mother, who only appears briefly a couple of times) don’t need to be fully fleshed out. Of course, you might want to make some brief notes about them but this definitely doesn’t need to be an entire profile. Your main characters, though, should have individual profiles. That probably includes any viewpoint character. If you have an antagonist then it’s worth creating a profile for them too (after all, even if your main character just doesn’t get where the antagonist is coming from,  you  should). It’s entirely up to you how you structure your character profiles. In general, though, I’d suggest that: You don’t focus too much on physical details. You may want to include things like hair color and eye color if you’re ever likely to mention them – but you can leave them out if they’re not going to be relevant. The same goes for height and build: unless they’re unusual and significant, you don’t necessarily need them at all. If you are including physical details, think about how they relate to deeper aspects of your character. For instance, in Harry Potter, the fact that Harry has green eyes is significant because it’s the physical characteristic that links him to his mother. You spend some time exploring deeper questions about your character: things like what’s the mistake they regret most? or in what situations would they lie? or what false beliefs do they hold? These sort of questions will result in a much richer, more real character than a simple list of physical characteristics. The first ebook I ever bought online, back in around 2007, was Holly Lisle’s Create a Character Clinic. This is still one of my favorite resources for character creation: it goes far beyond the typical character questionnaire to dig deep into what really makes characters tick (and it includes lots of examples, too). If you’re using a template or questionnaire that you’ve found online, don’t feel that you need to complete every single part of it – especially if it’s a long one! Focus on the bits that are most impactful or that help you to imagine your character more fully: if you do decide to fill in the rest, you can simply do it at a later stage. Don’t get hung up on creating the â€Å"perfect† character profile before you begin writing – because it’ll almost certainly change as you go along. Which brings me on to Why Your Character Profile Will Need Updating Regularly If you create your character profiles during the pre-writing phase of your novel, you’ll almost certainly find that your understanding of your character shifts as you write the first draft. Perhaps the thing you  thought  they sincerely regretted from their past turns out to be something they’re actually quite proud of – at least initially. Perhaps you realize that it makes much more sense for them to have grown up somewhere rural, not in a city. Perhaps you change them radically: maybe you merge two characters together, or you change a character’s gender or age. (Or their name: a lot of my characters end up changing names part-way through the writing process as I figure out a name that’s a better fit.) Your character profile definitely isn’t set in stone. It’s fine to change your mind and rework it – but do make sure that you actually update it to reflect the changes you’ve made during the writing process. Otherwise, it can be very confusing several chapters later when you want to bring a character back in but you can’t now remember if they’re supposed to be 35 or 25, or whether they’re tall with dark brown hair or short with strawberry blonde hair. Character profiles can be a great tool for creating and fleshing out interesting characters for your novel; they’re also a useful working document that you can use to help you stay on track and keep things consistent during the writing process. If you’ve never created a character profile before, why not give it a go today? Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Fiction Writing category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:7 Classes and Types of PhrasesBetween vs. In BetweenThe Difference Between "Phonics" and "Phonetics"

Middle Eastern Muslims

Middle Eastern Muslims Introduction Middle Eastern Muslims are characterized by inflexible cultural values, strong religious beliefs, and unique cultural practices and traditions (Friedman, 2006).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Middle Eastern Muslims specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More They differ with Muslims in other countries significantly. Middle East has hit headlines for many years because of its cultural and religious beliefs that limit the rights and opportunities of women in society. Middle Eastern Muslims are conservative and not keen on embracing modernization. History The history of Middle Eastern Muslims dates back to around 600 CE (Friedman, 2006). In that year, Prophet Mohammed allegedly heard the word of God at Mecca for the first time. Afterwards, he presented Allah’s message to the people in a book called the Quran. The formation of Islam involved incorporation of social and political systems. However, before its fo rmation, communities were formed based on people’s tribal affiliations. Middle easterners rejected this societal system and embraced Islam that joined people together based on a common belief in one God (Friedman, 2006). The new community was based on religious affiliations and rejected tribal affiliation as an aspect of forming their identity. Religion Middle Eastern Muslims are commonly identified by their religion. Most of them practice Islam. In the Middle East, Islam is the predominant religion with the exception of nations such as Palestine and Israel (Bowen and Early, 2002). According to a survey conducted on all states that constitute Middle East, Islam is the principal religion. However, embracement of Islam as the main religion obscures the fact that within Islam, several sects exist. Examples of such sects include Shia, Sunni, and Shiite. Middle Easterners mostly belong to the Sunni sect (Bowen and Early, 2002). Shiite sect is common in Iran, Iraq, and Lebanon, whi le Shiite is common in Yemen. Other sects followed by Muslims include Alawites, the Ismailis, the Ibadis, and the Shafis. Family Middle Easterners value the family unit a lot. Kinship is the main aspect of both social and economic association (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). The family that a person is born into is the most important societal unit recognized by Middle Eastern Muslims. Family is important because it offers shelter, social and emotional support, food, and a sense of belonging. Patrilineal families are also valued highly.Advertising Looking for report on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More These families live together in organized units that allow intra-marriages (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). As such, marriages between cousins are common. Early in their childhood, children are taught to respect elder members of the family (Bowen and Early, 2002). On the other hand, elder members take care o f younger family members. Women are taught to respect their brothers, uncles, and fathers. Unwed women are segregated and considered failures in the family. Marriage is a very important family aspect. Language The three main languages spoken by Middle Eastern Muslims include Arabic, Farsi, and Turkish. However, there are other minor languages and dialects used by minority groups. Many people combine their local dialect with a foreign language. For example, Lebanese Muslims usually mix the local Arabic dialect with French (Bowen and Early, 2002). In Afghanistan, Dari and Pashto are the languages used. These languages originated from the Iranian language. Languages spoken by minority groups include Uzbek and Turkmen (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). In Gulf States that include Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Yemen, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates and Oman, Arabic is common. The dialect of Arabic is closely related to Fusha, the modern standard Arabic. Cultural practices and traditions Common cultural p ractices and traditions practiced by Middle Eastern Muslims include observation of certain traditional and cultural practices. These include pronunciation of Allah’s name before meals and physical cleansing (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). They use their right hands when eating and drinking, invoke Allah’s blessing whenever they sneeze, and recite the â€Å"Adhaan’ in the right ear of a new born to convey the parent’s spiritual natures into the newborn (Bowen and Early, 2002). It is also part of their tradition to trim moustaches, clip nails, and shave armpit and pubic hair. In addition, they observe the rite of circumcision (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). These practices constitute their tradition of physical cleansing and are practiced because Prophet Mohammed initiated and approved them.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Middle Eastern Muslims specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Implications for psychological theory and practice The foregoing characteristics of Middle Eastern Muslims have deep implications for psychological theory and practice. They determine the emotional and psychological well being of people that practice them (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). The practice of incorporating cultural practices and traditions into their religion has far-reaching implications (Schabler and Stenberg, 2004). For example, people who ignore or violate their traditions and values are either severely punished or cast away from Islam. This may have serious effects, which include emotional and psychological implications. In addition, these practices determine how people view and treat them relative to other groups. Conclusion Middle Eastern Muslims have a different way of life from other Muslim communities in other parts of the globe. The group was formed in 600 CE when Prophet Mohammed received God’s instructions and presented them to Muslims in a book called the Quran. Th eir culture and tradition is similar in some way to the general culture of Muslims. They wash hands before eating, eat and drink with their right hands, and conduct physical cleansing. The predominant language is Arabic even though other minor languages exist. In many areas, the Arabic dialect is mixed with foreign languages such as English and French. These characteristics determine how other people perceive Muslims, which affects their emotional, social, and psychological wellbeing. References Bowen, D., and Early, E. (2002). Everyday life in the Muslim Middle East. New York: Indiana University Press. Friedman, S. (2006). A History of the Middle East. New York: McFarland. Schabler, S., and Stenberg, L. (2004). Globalization and the Muslim World: Culture,  Religion, and Modernity. New York: Syracuse University Press.Advertising Looking for report on cultural studies? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More

Penn State Scandal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Penn State Scandal - Essay Example On the hand of the social bond theory, the strong point is on the lack of social attachments amongst the juvenile delinquents. Effect on lives is as a derivative of friends, family and other members of social network (Rankin). The application of these theories supports the Penn State sex scandal. Penn state University being one of the best universities least expected such crisis. The society expects the athletics officials and coaching staff to be role models of youngsters. The university and the family of Sandusky had a blind eye in his association with wrong peers (Jenkins). In 1999 after the resignation of Sandusky, the Penn state football authorities still gave him access to campus premises and facilities. This gives him an open opportunity and advantage to make sexual advances to the boys. Gary openly assumes the Sandusky’s investigation. Instead of coordinating the solution to the scandal, he is a cause and only the bans Sandusky from bringing children to the campus. Gra ham Spanier, the president of the university neglects the report of crisis at an early stage that later deteriorates the Universities legacy (Frank). Reaction of the students has a basis as internal control in support of social bonding theory. Firing of Paterno had a controversial information upload. This was a weak unethical decision by the Penn board of state. The explanation was that the famous football coach did not act as a leader. His hesitation to report to the pre-informed case to police is a support of a crime. Paterno had the responsibility to his career goal as a coach and neglected organizational activities. Reputational recovery from the states university riots tarnished its image to a long-term crisis. There is also some information that Penn State issues is of a mafia family interest (Becker). This gives birth to reason as to why Paterno had no impact to make rather choose to be quiet. The two main characters behind the scandal are from the same school of thought and provide the solution to their problems in their own way. Some part of this case delay may be to avoid negative opinion on the University. This serves the same purpose as image restoring theory. This can cause pain and disappointment and fracture the relationship between the official and other involved parties. This serves as an indirect control of the case theory. Back in 2002, McQueary happened to report seeing Sandusky raping a very young boy in the showers of campus. He also informed Joe Paterno. Upon informing the director of athletics, Tim Curley and Gary Schultz who is the university police overseer, but the report did not appear before the prosecutor (Becker). The mother of the affected boy reported the case to the university police in 1988, but no step is into consideration. The university should have enacted sharing of information to students, stakeholders and proper audience to diffuse the crisis. This supports the tendency of criminal participation because Sandusky had no thing to lose from deferral antisocial behavior (Frank). Through the satisfaction of the involved parties needs, there was reluctance in the scandal investigation. Several influential people have supported the cover up of this scandal. The governor of the state who is the board of trustee assumed informing the authority (Jenkins). Even after clear evidence from the detectives who had eavesdrop of some conversation between Sandusky and the mother of the molested boy attorney Ray pressed no charges. Because of political and

Coursework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Coursework - Essay Example This paper presents results from a research project aiming at developing an architecture supporting local mobility within hospital. The architecture is based on fieldwork and mostly on the knowledge derived from a large number of reliable sources. The fieldwork has emphasized the differences between remote mobility, where users travel over long distances, and local mobility, where users walk around within a fixed set of building. Based on an in depth study, I conclude that local mobility puts up three requirements for computer support;(i) it should integrate into the existing infrastructure (ii) it should support the use of various heterogeneous devices, and (iii) it should enable seamless application roaming between these devices. The paper describes how these requirements were realized in an architecture for local mobility, and how the architecture can be implemented in the health care domain and the costs involved in it and the various benefits gained from it.